Kedah Dalam Catatan Sejarah

Menurut sumber maklumat yang diwasiatkan oleh Yang Teramat Mulia Penghulu Tajar Kedah Tuanku Nai Long Mahmud cucu Maharaja Melayu Sultan Jaafar Muadzam Shah, makna Kedah dalam bahasa Melayu Siam ialah berasal dari perkataan KEDAT yang bermaksud Kertas atau Watikah. Dalam bahasa Thai pula menyebut Kradat. Watikah ini ialah satu amanat yang dibawa oleh Merong Mahawangsa ke Nusantara. Setelah Maharaja Empayar Islam China Dinasti Tang Maharaja Sai Tee Song pada tahun 650M memeluk Islam, baginda telah mengarahkan cucunya Sultan Muzaffar Shah Merong Mahawangsa membuka kerajaan di Nusantara. Dalam penulisan sekarang kononnya Kedah berasal daripada perkataan Mangkuk Padi. Cuba anda semua lihat dengan teliti rajah dibawah ini;

Cubaan kerajaan British untuk menukar nama Kedah (Watikah) kepada Kedah Mangkuk Padi bermula pada zaman Paduka Seri Sultan Muhammad Jiwaz bin al-Adilin Muadzam Shah lagi sepertimana mereka menukar nama Bandar Hilir Kota Portugis kepada nama Melaka, padahal Melaka itu ialah Semenanjung ( Semenanjung Melaka). Dan selepas itu Paduka Serisultan ini telah membuat mata wangnya sendiri dengan menulis Kedah (mangkuk padi). Semua ini dibawah kelolaan dan arahan dari Kapten Francis Light, yang pada masa itu selalu membuat rondaan dari pelabuhan Culcutta sehingga ke Kepulauan Andaman dan Pulau Puket untuk mencari kelemahan kerajaan Kedah Tua. Sehingga mereka dapat mengesan yang bandar pentadbiran Kota Star pada masa itu dibawah jagaan adik ipar Sultan Kedah Sultan Abu Bakar Syarif Syah iaitu Paduka Seri Sultan Perdana Menteri Kedah Muhammad Jiwaz.

Beliau berjaya menghasut Paduka Seri Sultan atau Raja Daerah ini dengan mengatur rancangan mengatakan bahawa beliau juga layak menjadi Maharaja Melayu di Nusantara. Beliau telah mengajar dan memberi nasihat sehingga Paduka Seri Sultan ini sayang kepadanya dan terpesona dengan janji-janji musuh Allah ini untuk menjadi Sultan kepada kerajaan Kedah Tua. Dalam manuskrip dibawah ini tercatit dengan terang Negeri Kedah (Watikah) dan pada tahun 1920 semasa pemerintahan Sultan Abdul Hamid dan Kedah ketika itu di bawah pengaruh British itu Kedah telah mencipta benderanya sendiri. Ini tercatit di dalam buku Lindungan Bulan muka surat 22 keluaran sempena hari Konvensyen Sejarah Kedah 28hb. November hingga 2hb. Disember 1981.

Mulakan Networking anda

When looking at networking basics, understanding the way a network operates is the first step to understanding routing and switching. The network operates by connecting computers and peripherals using two pieces of equipment; switches and routers. Switches and routers, essential networking basics, enable the devices that are connected to your network to communicate with each other, as well as with other networks.

Though they look quite similar, routers and switches perform very different functions in a network.

Networking Basics: Switches

• Switches are used to connect multiple devices on the same network within a building or campus. For example, a switch can connect your computers, printers and servers, creating a network of shared resources. The switch, one aspect of your networking basics, would serve as a controller, allowing the various devices to share information and talk to each other. Through information sharing and resource allocation, switches save you money and increase productivity.
  
  There are two basic types of switches to choose from as part of your networking basics: managed and unmanaged.
  • An unmanaged switch works out of the box and does not allow you to make changes. Home-networking equipment typically offers unmanaged switches.
  • A managed switch allows you access to program it. This provides greater flexibility to your networking basics because the switch can be monitored and adjusted locally or remotely to give you control over network traffic, and who has access to your network.

Networking Basics: Routers

• Routers, the second valuable component of your networking basics, are used to tie multiple networks together. For example, you would use a router to connect your networked computers to the Internet and thereby share an Internet connection among many users. The router will act as a dispatcher, choosing the best route for your information to travel so that you receive it quickly.
  
  Routers analyze the data being sent over a network, change how it is packaged, and send it to another network, or over a different type of network. They connect your business to the outside world, protect your information from security threats, and can even decide which computers get priority over others.
  
  Depending on your business and your networking plans, you can choose from routers that include different capabilities. These can include networking basics such as:
  • Firewall: Specialized software that examines incoming data and protects your business network against attacks
  • Virtual Private Network (VPN): A way to allow remote employees to safely access your network remotely
  • IP Phone network : Combine your company's computer and telephone network, using voice and conferencing technology, to simplify and unify your communications

Next:

Unsung Heroes - How Routing & Switching Keep the Business Going

Building a Small Office Network: Getting Started